Saturday, November 9, 2019
Classroom Observation Essay
The opportunity that was given for our class to visit Ozark Elementary was so great. Being able to see how other surrounding districts conduct their business is such great insight. I have been to three other schools in the past. Each time that I visited a new school, I would pick up something new to stick in my tool belt to use in my own classroom one day. Having seen a variety of classrooms during my visit at Ozark Elementary was very beneficial to me. Each teacher conducted themselves in a different but professional ways. Their teaching styles were different, their classroom setups were different and so were many other things. One thing that all the teachers had in common was they were all working towards being a strong support system for their students by guiding them on their journeys to becoming proficient readers and writers. During my visit I was paying close awareness to how the classrooms were arranged. None of the classrooms that I was able to observe in was messy or cluttered. The classrooms felt homey and welcoming. Some rooms had the desks in rows, some in groups and a few classes had their desks in a ââ¬Å"Uâ⬠shape. I really like how organized the rooms really were, it makes for a better learning climate in the classroom. The main classroom that I was in had only a few anchor charts up on the walls. When it was time for me to observe a whole group mini lesson I noticed the anchor chart that connected with the spelling lesson. Along with a few educational anchor charts on the walls, this teacher had a huge bulletin board dedicated strictly about the different corners in her classroom. The students were able to use this board to direct them to where they need to be. The board had a picture of each corner that was in the room for the children to use. I did not get to witness the whole group lesson in this class but I did come in during the guided reading time. When it became the time to split up during guided reading the students were able to come look up at the board and figure out which area they needed to be in by finding where their name was on the board. Each corner also was labeled by color. The color card that was next to the childââ¬â¢s name was the area that they were to be in until the bell rang. During the time that the students had in their corners, the teacher was working with a small group of about 5 for their guided reading time. She was evaluating the students as they read through their books that she picked out for them. As they were reading she was writing down notes about each child. I thought it was so neat to see that time play out. The students were all mostly on task. They knew what they were supposed to be working on and that she was off limits so that way she could direct her attention better towards the students in small group. Much differentiation took place in these corners that the students were in. She had areas that appeased those auditory learners, kinesthetic, and visual learners. Throughout the areas in the class the children were able to learn the way that they feel most confident about. The auditory learners were able to listen to a book on a CD and follow along in the book. Kinesthetic students were able to get their hands on words to make sentences. The visual learners were able to use the smart board to do activities that helped them learn a concept better. I could tell that she had spent a lot of time building this routine with her students. It was like clock work watching her students do what they were supposed to be doing. When the bell went off, the students knew that meant it was time to clean up and switch areas. I definitely know that this was a positive community atmosphere. The students all had low voices and were collaborating with one another when they needed help so that way the teacher would not be interrupted during her small group time. The teacher created this in her classroom to insure that all of her students feel comfortable and supported as they grow in becoming independent readers. The word that kept popping up in my head while the students were all working like they were supposed to was ââ¬Å"self-regulatedâ⬠. This allowed the learning in the areas of Reading and Writing and also allowing her to assume a facilitators role during their experiential learning opportunities. In the mix of all the things I was learning, I noticed the teachers focusing more on positive behavior rather then only the students misbehaving. During a kindergartens whole group learning time, they were all sitting on the carpet together next to the teacher. They were working on sounding out sentences that the teacher had written out. I kept hearing, ââ¬Å"I like the way _______ is sitting criss-cross applesauce and the way _____ is not tapping their friends shouldersâ⬠etc. I remember being in the younger grades and always hearing the words: no, stop, and donââ¬â¢t do that. I love that way the teachers are handling the different behaviors now. I also noticed that instead of always pointing out the negative when the student is misbehaving that the teacher would just use close proximity. Several teachers I seen that day use this method. They would walk up close to the student and nicely put hand on shoulder. That student then knew ok it was time to stop and listen. I think a lot of the positive behavior I seen when observing was coming from the PBIS program that Ozark has implemented. I noticed as I left each room, by the door inside each classroom is a chart of how to act in each area of a school. All the classrooms said the same thing. I think this does a lot with eliminating the confusing that students have on how to act with whom and what is or is not expectable during certain times. I really hope to work for a district that implements this support program. I see the effects of it being more positive then anything else I have ever observed. In visiting a lot of different classrooms that day I really loved the third grade class I got to observe the most. It was so fun to see the kids actively engaged in what they were learning. The class was participating in learning the parts of a letter. Before all the students came to the carpet for instruction they had the chance to get their wiggles out. The teacher played the best Youtube video that had Sid in it from Ice Age. He was doing the Sid Slide. It was a 2-3 minute video playing music to where the students had to dance out to. It was so fun to watch them really get in the groove and let out some energy. This was very useful because as the students went to the carpet for instruction they were not as wiggly as they would have been without having the time to let it all out. During the instruction carpet time the students were engaged in learning the part of a letter by standing up using their bodies to form a letter. This was a way for the students to be active and have a device to remember the parts. It turned into a game between the teacher and the students. She would say ââ¬Å"dateâ⬠and they would grab their head, and then say ââ¬Å"signatureâ⬠and they would touch their feet and so on. Not only were they being active and learning it but each part of a letter was listed on the anchor chart being used on the board. I think after the students went back to their seats it would have been a good time for the teacher to give the students 30-60 seconds to re-teach to a shoulder partner what they learned. This would have gone along with cooperative teaching and given the students a chance to recap what they just learned. The teacher then could have gone around and listened to hear some of the things the students were saying to their partner and used that time as an evaluation. The students did not care that we were in the classroom at all. I do not even think they knew we were there; they were so focused and engaged. I gained a lot of knowledge and ideas during the short time we were observing. I would really like to go back again. I know when I have my own classroom I will have to develop a structured and fluid reading model that will maintain productivity while I meet with students in small groups for guided reading. I also now see the importance of the details of scaffolding necessary to turn emergent readers into fluent readers. Above all, I learned that my studentââ¬â¢s overall well-being will be of the greatest consideration in the planning and performance of precise and engaging learning activities. These teachers have mastered what works and I can not wait to execute all these ideas and activities.
Wednesday, November 6, 2019
Innovative New Business Models in Telecommunications Mobil essays
Innovative New Business Models in Telecommunications Mobil essays Project: Innovative New Business Models in Telecommunications Mobile Commerce Mobile Commerce is any transaction with a monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunication network. According to this definition, mobile commerce represents a subset of all E-Commerce transactions, both in the Business-to-Business and Business-to-Consumer area. In other words it is a retail outlet at customers hand to access and transact business 24 hours non stop anywhere. Attributes of Mobile Commerce Mobile Commerce Market Drivers Accessing Internet facilities M-Commerce Enabling Technologies M-Commerce Business Models and Applications Key Success Factors of M-Commerce and other related issues M-Commerce Indian Perspective Barely before Internet-facilitated e-commerce has begun to take hold, a new wave of technology-driven commerce has started - mobile (m-) commerce. Fueled by the increasing saturation of mobile technology, such as phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), m-commerce promises to inject considerable change into the way certain activities are inducted. Equipped with micro-browsers and other mobile applications, the new range of mobile technologies offer the Internet in the consumer's pocket for which the consumer possibilities are endless, including banking, booking or buying tickets, shopping and real-time news. (The Mobile commerce value chain : Analysis and future developments, international Journal of Information management, Stuart J Barnes, Apr 2002) Advances in wireless technology increase the number of mobile device users and give pace to the rapid development of e-commerce using these devices. The new type of e-commerce, conducting transactions via mobile terminals, is called mobile commerce. Due to its inherent characteristics such as ubiquity, personalization, flexibility, and dissemination, mo...
Monday, November 4, 2019
Leader-Management-Exchange (LMX) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Leader-Management-Exchange (LMX) - Coursework Example à However, since these leaders do not have much time and power on their hands, they seek to narrow down their radar to focus their attention on those members who seem to capitalize on the leadership outcome that is the extent of the relationship. The theories prior to the leader-member-exchange theory either focused too much on the leader or on the members. The LMX, on the other hand, has a different approach, whereby it considers the relationship between the leaders and the members as an important element that contributes to leader effectiveness. Also unlike other theories that considered the entire group of members as a whole, the LMX judges each individual separately. According to the dealings and agreements between the members and the leaders, the theory identifies two different types of relationships. The two distinct relationships that are found after application of the LMX include the in-group and the out-group. There is a set of people within the members' group that tend to go further than and achieve more than what their expected roles would limit them to, this set of people also take up a more productive and comprehensive approach to the tasks they need to complete. This set of people makes up the in-group that is shown as the high quality of the LMX with positive results. Characteristics of the in-group consist of negotiations by the members to develop and increase their role ahead of their job prescriptions, mutual trust, respect and concern between the leaders and the members.... The out-group is formed by the set of members who work hard enough, only to complete the contractual requirements of their job prescriptions, nothing more. There is a low degree of enthusiasm compared to the in-group and they do not receive any form of special attention from the leaders, nor any additional perks or promotions. Even though the leader tries to better the degree of interaction, the out-group member does not show much interest and remains self-concerned. Therefore, the out-group is a low quality LMX and provides average level outcomes. It is argued that the existence of these two unique groups is somewhat discriminating and de-motivating, however they will continue to exist and the leader must constantly make an effort to expand the in-group of the organization. The quality of outcomes that the LMX is able to provide is under effect of several factors that may enhance it if controlled properly, however, if these factors are left casually undecided, they may very well res ult in average or possible less than average LMX outcome. Communication plays an important element in deciding the quality of the LMX. Individual interaction and communication with the leaders and the coworkers allows for a sense of belonging for the subordinates to build, making them feel like a significant part of the organization that matters. This results in a high quality LMX. When the leader of a group has authority that reaches higher on the ladder of an organization enabling him/her to have a good say in managerial decisions, task assignment and performance review, the members tend to be more motivated and confident, eventually leading to a good LMX. Sometimes
Saturday, November 2, 2019
Brain Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Brain Cancer - Research Paper Example The growth of cancer cells in the brain tissue is termed as brain cancer. A tumor or mass of cancer tissue is formed by the cancer cells. These tumors affect the functions of the brain, such as memory, muscle control and memory. Tumors are classified as malignant, when they are comprised of cancer cells. On the other hand, tumors consisting of non ââ¬â cancerous cells are termed as benign (Davis & Stoppler, 2013). Furthermore, cancer cells resulting from brain tissue are termed primary brain tumors; whereas the cancer cells that spread to the brain from other sites in the body are termed as metastatic brain tumors. It has been projected, by the available statistics that brain cancer could develop in approximately 22,000 individuals per year. Moreover, 13,000 deaths could occur due to cancer (Davis & Stoppler, 2013). Symptoms Individuals with glial origin tumors depict general, non ââ¬â focal signs and symptoms, or focal manifestations pertaining to the specific region of the brain where the tumor is located. The most frequently observed symptoms among such individuals include headache, nausea, vomiting, generalized seizures and alterations in the level of consciousness. Headache tends to accompany several instances of brain tumors; nevertheless, only a few individuals with headache have a brain tumor (Pan & Prados, 2003). Headache tends to be the sole symptom in a fifth of the patients with brain tumors. Such headaches vary between moderate to severe, tend to be intermittent, and pronounced to a greater degree in the early morning, or increase with coughing and other actions that enhance the intracranial pressure. Headaches that are associated with increased intracranial pressure tend to be generalized, non ââ¬â focal and non ââ¬â lateralizing to the location of the tumor. Furthermore, tumors can be localized by headaches that are not associated with enhanced intracranial pressure (Pan & Prados, 2003). In 15% of the cases, the initial manifestat ions of brain tumors are seizures. In addition, 30% of the individuals with brain tumors could develop seizures in the long run. Usually, seizures transpire along with the slower developing and superficial tumors that involve the sensorimotor cortex (Pan & Prados, 2003). Some of the rapidly developing brain tumors may not present seizures as a distinguishing feature, but may do so eventually. With respect to adults, the onset of a new seizure necessitates neuroimaging, so as to eliminate the presence of a brain tumor as the underlying cause. Brain tumors have been seen to prevail to the extent of 10% among patients suffering with generalized seizures (Pan & Prados, 2003). With regard to children, seizures had been observed to result from intracranial tumors in less than a hundredth of the instances. This could be indicative of the fact that the majority of the central nervous system lesions in children transpire infratentorially. All the same, if a child exhibits seizures that tend to be difficult to control, then magnetic resonance imaging techniques have to be used, in order to evaluate the condition. In general, the brain tumors that cause seizures in children tend to be slow growing neoplasms (Pan & Prados, 2003). Increase in intracranial pressure can cause vomiting in a patient with glial tumors. On rare occasions, such vomiting can be due to invasion by the tumor of the vagal nucleus in the posterior fossa. Sometimes, a rapid
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